Medical_code/paper_code_1/code.R

# install.packages("msm", repos = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/")

library(msm)
library(survival)
library(dplyr)

data <- read.csv("paper_data_new.csv")

# 定义一个函数
feature_function <- function(data) {
  #性别
  data$rgender_group <- factor(data$rgender, levels = c(1, 2), labels = c("Male", "Female"))

  #年齡
  data$age_group <- cut(data$age,
                        breaks = c(45, 65, Inf),
                        labels = c("45-64", ">=65"),
                        right = FALSE)
  #婚姻
  data$marital_group <- factor(data$marital_status, levels = c(1, 0), labels = c("Married or partnered", "Other marital status"))

  #教育
  data$education_group <- factor(data$education, levels = c(0, 1), labels = c("Below primary level", "Primary school or higher"))

  #运动情况
  data$activity_group <- factor(data$Physical_activity, levels = c(0, 1, 2), labels = c("Inactive", "Active", "Active"))

  #心理得分
  data$psychiatric_group <- cut(data$Psychiatric_score, breaks = c(0, 10, Inf),labels = c("No", "Yes"), right = FALSE)

  #BMI
  # 使用 cut() 创建因子类型的变量
  data$variable <- cut(data$BMI, breaks = c(0, 18.5, 24, Inf), labels = c("Underweight", "Normal", "Overweight"), right = FALSE)
  # 使用 dplyr::recode 直接替换因子水平
  data$variable <- recode(data$variable, "Underweight" = 1L, "Normal" = 0L, "Overweight" = 2L)
  # 将 data$variable 转换回因子并保留原 levels
  data$BMI_group <- factor(data$variable, levels = c(0, 1, 2), labels = c("Normal", "Underweight", "Overweight"))

  #ADL
  # 使用 cut() 创建因子类型的变量
  data$ADL_group <- cut(data$ADL, breaks = c(0, 1, 3, Inf), labels = c("No impairment", "Impairment", "Impairment"), right = FALSE)

  #drink
  data$Drink_group <- factor(data$Drink, levels = c(0, 1), labels = c("No", "Yes"))

  #smoke
  data$Smoke_group <- factor(data$Smoke, levels = c(0, 1), labels = c("No", "Yes"))
  return(data)  # 返回结果
}

# 调用函数
data <- feature_function(data)

# 只对需要的列进行标准化，不替换原列
# columns_to_standardize <- c("last_year_pm2.5", "last_year_nl")
# df_standardized <- data
# df_standardized[columns_to_standardize] <- scale(df_standardized[columns_to_standardize])

# 计算交互项（使用原始列进行计算）
# data$nl_pm25 <- df_standardized$last_year_nl * df_standardized$last_year_pm2.5

# data$nl_pm25 <- scale(data$nl_pm25)

# summary(data)
# View(data[, c("ADL", "variable")])
# View(data$nl_O3)
# 计算状态转移频数表
freq_table <- statetable.msm(state, ID, data = data)
print(freq_table)

# 初始化转移速率矩阵
qmatrix_init <- matrix(c(-0.5, 0.25, 0.15, 0.1,
                          0.1, -0.3, 0.1, 0.1,
                          0.3, 0.1, -0.5, 0.1,
                          0,   0,    0,   0), 
                        nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE)

# 创建初始模型
crude_init <- crudeinits.msm(state ~ wave, subject = ID, data = data, qmatrix = qmatrix_init)

View(crude_init)

# 多协变量的分析，单个
# 进行多状态模型分析
one_function <- function(data, crude_init) {
  msm_model <- msm(state ~ wave, subject = ID, data = data,
                qmatrix = crude_init,
                covariates = ~last_year_NO3+rgender_group+age_group+marital_group+education_group+activity_group+psychiatric_group+BMI_group+ADL_group+Smoke_group+Drink_group+last_year_NO2+last_year_O3+last_year_PM1+last_year_nl,
                death = 4,
                method = "BFGS", control = list(fnscale = 5000, maxit = 10000)
                )
  # 获取模型结果并转换为字符串
  model_summary <- capture.output(summary(msm_model))
  write("", file = "one.txt")  # 清空文件内容
  # 写入文件，附加协变量名称
  cat("Results for covariates:", file = "one.txt", append = TRUE)
  cat(model_summary, file = "one.txt", sep = "\n", append = TRUE)
}
# 调用函数
output <- one_function(data, crude_init)

# 多协变量的分析，全部
# 定义协变量列表
# covariates_list <- c("last_year_SO4", "last_year_NO3", "last_year_BC", "last_year_NH4", "last_year_OM")
covariates_list <- c("cur_year_SO4", "cur_year_NO3", "cur_year_BC", "cur_year_NH4", "cur_year_OM")
# covariates_list <- c("before_last_SO4", "before_last_NO3", "before_last_BC", "before_last_NH4", "before_last_OM")
# 循环计算不同协变量的模型
for (cov in covariates_list) {
  print(cov)
  # 动态生成协变量的公式
  # cov_formula <- paste("~", cov, "+rgender_group+age_group+marital_group+education_group+activity_group+psychiatric_group+BMI_group+ADL_group+Smoke_group+Drink_group+last_year_NO2+last_year_O3+last_year_PM1+last_year_nl")
  cov_formula <- paste("~", cov, "+rgender_group+age_group+marital_group+education_group+activity_group+psychiatric_group+BMI_group+ADL_group+Smoke_group+Drink_group+cur_year_NO2+cur_year_O3+cur_year_PM1+cur_year_nl")
  # cov_formula <- paste("~", cov, "+rgender_group+age_group+marital_group+education_group+activity_group+psychiatric_group+BMI_group+ADL_group+Smoke_group+Drink_group+before_last_NO2+before_last_O3+before_last_PM1+before_last_nl")
  # 进行多状态模型分析
  msm_model <- msm(state ~ wave, subject = ID, data = data,
                  qmatrix = crude_init,
                  covariates = as.formula(cov_formula),
                  death = 4,
                  method = "BFGS", control = list(fnscale = 5000, maxit = 10000)
                  )
  # 获取模型结果并转换为字符串
  model_summary <- capture.output(summary(msm_model))
  write("", file = cov)  # 清空文件内容
  # 写入文件，附加协变量名称
  cat("Results for covariates:", file = cov, append = TRUE)
  cat(model_summary, file = cov, sep = "\n", append = TRUE)
  print(cov)
}

# 查看模型的详细结果
summary(msm_model)

# 去掉协变量
msm_model <- msm(state ~ wave, subject = ID, data = data,
                qmatrix = crude_init,
                death = 4,
                method = "BFGS", control = list(fnscale = 5000, maxit = 10000)
                )

# 计算状态转移概率矩阵
prob_matrix <- pmatrix.msm(msm_model, t = 5)  # t = 1 代表随访之间的间隔时间
print(prob_matrix)

# 输出拟合模型的速率矩阵
q_matrix <- qmatrix.msm(msm_model)
print(q_matrix)

# 提取转移强度
transition_intensity <- msm_model$qmatrix
print(transition_intensity)

# 计算在每个状态中的平均逗留时间
so_journ <- sojourn.msm(msm_model)
print(so_journ)

# 计算均衡状态概率


#单个协变量的分析
# 定义协变量列表
covariates_list <- list(~age_group,~rgender_group,~marital_group,~education_group,~activity_group,~psychiatric_group,~BMI_group,~ADL_group, ~Smoke,~Drink,~last_year_NO2, ~last_year_O3, ~last_year_PM1, ~last_year_PM2.5, ~last_year_PM10, ~last_year_SO4,~last_year_NO3,~last_year_NH4,~last_year_OM,~last_year_BC, ~last_year_nl,
~cur_year_NO2, ~cur_year_O3, ~cur_year_PM1, ~cur_year_PM2.5, ~cur_year_PM10, ~cur_year_SO4,~cur_year_NO3,~cur_year_NH4,~cur_year_OM,~cur_year_BC, ~cur_year_nl)

# 创建一个空的结果文件
result_file <- "msm_model_results.txt"
write("", file = result_file)  # 清空文件内容

# 循环计算不同协变量的模型
for (cov in covariates_list) {
  
  # 运行msm模型
  msm_model <- msm(state ~ wave, subject = ID, data = data,
                   qmatrix = crude_init,
                   covariates = cov,
                   death = 4,
                   method = "BFGS", control = list(fnscale = 5000, maxit = 10000)
                   )
  
  # 获取模型结果并转换为字符串
  model_summary <- capture.output(summary(msm_model))
  
  # 写入文件，附加协变量名称
  cat("Results for covariates:", deparse(cov), "\n", file = result_file, append = TRUE)
  cat(model_summary, file = result_file, sep = "\n", append = TRUE)
  cat("\n\n", file = result_file, append = TRUE)  # 空行分隔每个协变量结果
}


library(dplyr)
time_check <- data %>%
  group_by(ID) %>%
  arrange(wave) %>%
  mutate(
    last_year_pollution = lag(cur_year_SO4), # 用当前年变量生成实际的上一年数据
    time_diff = wave - lag(wave)
  ) %>%
  select(ID, wave, time_diff, cur_year_SO4, last_year_SO4, last_year_pollution) %>%
  filter(!is.na(last_year_SO4))

# 检查系统是否自动对齐
cat("时间错位比例：", mean(time_check$last_year_SO4 != time_check$last_year_pollution, na.rm=T)*100, "%\n")
# 若输出>0%，说明存在错位记录